Prepositions Rules In English Grammar with Examples in Hindi

IN / INTO

1. ‘IN means ‘rest inside’. (In का अर्थ है, किसी वस्तु के अन्दर स्थित अवस्था में)

2. ‘INTO’ is used with a verb of motion to indicate entrance.(into का प्रयोग किसी सीमा में प्रवेश बताने हेतु गति दर्शाने वाली क्रिया के साथ होता है )

उपयुक्त नियम को समझने के लिए निचे दर्शायें गये चित्रों को देखे

कई बार विद्यार्थी को in व into का प्रयोग समझने में काफी परेशानी होती है सामान्यतया in का प्रयोग स्थिर अवस्था हेतु होता है, भ्रमवंश विद्यार्थी इस नियम को गलत समझ बैठते है जैसा की यदि एक मेंढक बाहर से किसी कुए में कूदता है तो हम jump को गति बताने वाली क्रिया मानकर into का प्रयोग करते है जबकि मेंढक कुए में कूद कर पानी में चला जाता है तो वह कुए में कूदता रहता है तो हम in का प्रयोग करेगे या into का

चित्र से स्पष्ट है की कुए की एक सीमा है यदि इस सीमा में प्रवेश बताना चाहेगे तो into का प्रयोग होगा और जब मेंढक एक बार कूद कर कुए में प्रवेश कर गया और चाहे वह कुए में स्थिर न रहकर फुदकता रहे to हम in / inside का प्रयोग करेगे

ON / UPON

1. ‘ON’ means to rest on a surface. (on का अर्थ है किसी सतह पर स्थित अवस्था में)

2. UPON is used with a verb of motion. (upon का प्रयोग गति बताने वाली क्रिया के साथ होता है)

the cat jumped upon the table      the cat is on the table 

Above / over

1. Above and over bothe mean ‘higher than’ and sometimes either can be used. (above एव over दोनों का अर्थ होता है ‘ऊँचा’ (दूसरे की तुलना में) तथा कभी कभी दोनों में से कोई भी प्रयोग किया जा सकता है)

there is a lizard on the ceiling just above / over your head.

2. “above” denotes vertical height. it is also used when one thing is not directly over anther .(above शीर्षत उचाई को दर्शाता है इसका प्रयोग तभी होता है जब कोई एक वस्तु दूसरी वस्तु के ऊपर तो है लेकिन एकदम सीधे ऊपर नही है) जेसे-

there is a little hut above the lake.

3. ‘’over” is used when one thing covers another (from one side to another) it is also used when one thing crosses another (जब एक वस्तु दूसरी वस्तु को ढके हुए हो तो over का प्रयोग होता है जबकि जब एक वस्तु दूसरी वस्तु के ऊपर से गुजरते हुए जाए तो भी over का प्रयोग होता है)

He put a rug over his shoulders.

4. “Over” is used to should a movement to the other side of something high.

Note- (i) ‘over’ mean ‘more than’ or ‘higher than’, above means ‘higher than’ only.

(ii) Both can be used for ‘higher in rank’

(iii) “Over” can be used with meals / food / drink.

UNDER / BELOW

Under is the opposite of ‘over’ while ‘below’ is opposite of ‘above’. Both ‘Under’ and ‘below’ mean ‘lower than’ lower position.

1. The hen is under the basket.

2. Below is given a list of words.

But under may indicate contact while ‘below’ there is usually a space between the two surfaces as.

1. It is my habit to put the books under the pillow.

2. In this apartment she lives below me. (It means I may live on 3^rd or 4^th floor where as she may live on 1^st or 2^nd floor.)

Note- (i) under age, over age, under control.

(ii) Below and under also mean junior in rank.

BY / WITH

‘BY’ is used with the doer or agent of the action while ‘With’ is used with the instrument used to do an action.

1. The ox was tethered to a tree with a rope by the farmer.

2. The tiger was killed with a gun by an unknown person.

BETWEEN / AMONG

‘Between’ is generally used with reference to two nouns while.

‘Among’ is used with reference to more than two.

1. The property was divided between two brothers.

2. Sweets should be distributed among all students.

BESIDE / BESIDES

‘Beside’ means – by / at the side of

‘Besides’ means – in addition to, as well as.

1. She forgets her purse beside the telephone.

2. She built a cottage beside the lake.

3. Besides her friends, there were present her relatives also.

4. Besides a scooter, I have a car also.

TILL / TO

‘Till’ is used in speaking at time and ‘to’ is used in speaking of place.

1. We worked till 6 O’ clock.

2. He went to the last end of the boundary.

AT / ON / IN

(A) ‘In’ respect of place

(i)  ‘AT’ is used with villages and small towns.

(ii) ‘IN’ is used with big towns, cities, regions, states, countries rooms and any enclosed apace.

(iii) ‘ON’ is used with rivers, roads and with the surfaces of things.

(B) IN respect of time.

(i) ‘AT’ is used with exact time, noon or night.

(ii) ‘IN’ is used with weeks, months, year, centuries; weather, parts of the day.

(iii) ‘ON’ is used with days, dates.

SINCE / FOR / FROM

‘Since’ shows point of time and takes perfect tense only.

‘For’ shows period of time but in any tense.

1. She has been living here since 1992.

2. She has been playing for last two hours.

3. She started writing the book from January.

Note- ‘Since’ and ‘For’ should always be preceded by a verb in prefect tense. ‘From’ can be used with all the tenses. ‘From’ is a generally followed by ‘TO’ ‘TILL’.

IN / WITHIN / AFTER

‘IN’ means just at the end of a period.

‘WITHIN’ means before the end of a period.

‘After’ means when the period has ended.

1.  I will complete the work in a month.

2. I can repair the car within two hours.

3. After breakfast, he ordered a taxi.

BUT / EXCEPT

Both have the same meaning and are usually interchangeable. After nobody / none / nothing etc. usually but is used.

1. Nobody but shyam knew the way.

2. Nothing but the best is sold in our shop.

EXCEPT is used the best the prepositional phrase comes later in a sentence.

1. Nobody knew the may except shyam.

Note- After ‘but’ and ‘except’ bare infinitive.

(Infinitive without to) is used.